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Principles of Universal Design
The Seven Principles of Universal Design2, developed by the Centre for Universal Design, North Carolina State University, with a consortium of universal design researchers and practitioners from across the United States, are as follows:
2 © Copyright 2006 The Centre for Universal Design, NC State University Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
Principle 1 – Equitable Design
The design is useful and marketable to people with diverse abilities.
Principle 2 – Flexibility in Use
The design accommodates a wide range of individual preferences and abilities.
Principle 3 – Simple and Intuitive
Use of the design is easy to understand, regardless of the user’s experience, knowledge, language skills, or current concentration level.
Principle 4 – Perceptible Information
The design communicates necessary information effectively to the user, regardless of ambient conditions or the user’s sensory abilities.
Principle 5 – Tolerance for Error
The design minimizes hazards and the adverse consequences of accidental or unintended actions.
Principle 6 – Low Physical Effort
The design can be used efficiently and comfortably and with a minimum of fatigue.
Principle 7 – Size and Space for Approach and Use
Appropriate size and space is provided for approach, reach, manipulation, and use regardless of user’s body size, posture, or mobility.
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